This is sed.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0 from sed.texi.

START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* sed: (sed).                   Stream EDitor.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
   This file documents `sed', a stream editor.

   Published by the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite
330 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA

   Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that
the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a
translation approved by the Foundation.


File: sed.info,  Node: Top,  Next: Introduction,  Prev: (dir),  Up: (dir)

   This document was produced for version 3.02.80 of GNU `sed'.

* Menu:

* Introduction::                Introduction
* Invoking sed::                Invocation
* sed Programs::                `sed' programs
* Examples::                    Some sample scripts
* Limitations::                 About the (non-)limitations on line length
* Other Resources::             Other resources for learning about `sed'
* Reporting Bugs::              Reporting bugs
* Concept Index::               A menu with all the topics in this manual.
* Command and Option Index::    A menu with all `sed' commands and
                                 command-line options.


File: sed.info,  Node: Introduction,  Next: Invoking sed,  Prev: Top,  Up: Top

Introduction
************

   `sed' is a stream editor.  A stream editor is used to perform basic
text transformations on an input stream (a file or input from a
pipeline).  While in some ways similar to an editor which permits
scripted edits (such as `ed'), `sed' works by making only one pass over
the input(s), and is consequently more efficient.  But it is `sed''s
ability to filter text in a pipeline which particularly distinguishes
it from other types of editors.


File: sed.info,  Node: Invoking sed,  Next: sed Programs,  Prev: Introduction,  Up: Top

Invocation
**********

   `sed' may be invoked with the following command-line options:

``-V''
``--version''
     Print out the version of `sed' that is being run and a copyright
     notice, then exit.

``-h''
``--help''
     Print a usage message briefly summarizing these command-line
     options and the bug-reporting address, then exit.

``-n''
``--quiet''
``--silent''
     By default, `sed' will print out the pattern space at the end of
     each cycle through the script.  These options disable this
     automatic printing, and `sed' will only produce output when
     explicitly told to via the `p' command.

``-l' N'
``--line-length=N''
     Specify the desired line-wrap length for the 'l' command.  A
     length of 0 (zero) means to never wrap long lines.

``-u''
``--unbuffered''
     Buffer both input and output as minimally as practical.  (This is
     particularly useful if the input is coming from the likes of `tail
     -f', and you wish to see the transformed output as soon as
     possible.)

``-e' SCRIPT'
``--expression=SCRIPT''
     Add the commands in SCRIPT to the set of commands to be run while
     processing the input.

``-f' SCRIPT-FILE'
``--file=SCRIPT-FILE''
     Add the commands contained in the file SCRIPT-FILE to the set of
     commands to be run while processing the input.

   If no `-e', `-f', `--expression', or `--file' options are given on
the command-line, then the first non-option argument on the command
line is taken to be the SCRIPT to be executed.

   If any command-line parameters remain after processing the above,
these parameters are interpreted as the names of input files to be
processed.  A file name of `-' refers to the standard input stream.
The standard input will be processed if no file names are specified.


File: sed.info,  Node: sed Programs,  Next: Examples,  Prev: Invoking sed,  Up: Top

`sed' Programs
**************

   A `sed' program consists of one or more `sed' commands, passed in by
one or more of the `-e', `-f', `--expression', and `--file' options, or
the first non-option argument if zero of these options are used.  This
document will refer to "the" `sed' script; this will be understood to
mean the in-order catenation of all of the SCRIPTs and SCRIPT-FILEs
passed in.

   Each `sed' command consists of an optional address or address range,
followed by a one-character command name and any additional
command-specific code.

* Menu:

* Addresses::                Selecting lines with `sed'
* Regular Expressions::      Overview of regular expression syntax
* Data Spaces::              Where `sed' buffers data
* Common Commands::          Often used commands
* Other Commands::           Less frequently used commands
* Programming Commands::     Commands for die-hard `sed' programmers


File: sed.info,  Node: Addresses,  Next: Regular Expressions,  Prev: sed Programs,  Up: sed Programs

Selecting lines with `sed'
==========================

   Addresses in a `sed' script can be in any of the following forms:
`NUMBER'
     Specifying a line number will match only that line in the input.
     (Note that `sed' counts lines continuously across all input files.)

`FIRST~STEP'
     This GNU extension matches every STEPth line starting with line
     FIRST.  In particular, lines will be selected when there exists a
     non-negative N such that the current line-number equals FIRST + (N
     * STEP).  Thus, to select the odd-numbered lines, one would use
     `1~2'; to pick every third line starting with the second, `2~3'
     would be used; to pick every fifth line starting with the tenth,
     use `10~5'; and `50~0' is just an obscure way of saying `50'.

`$'
     This address matches the last line of the last file of input.

`/REGEXP/'
     This will select any line which matches the regular expression
     REGEXP.  If REGEXP itself includes any `/' characters, each must
     be escaped by a backslash (`\').

`\%REGEXP%'
     (The `%' may be replaced by any other single character.)

     This also matches the regular expression REGEXP, but allows one to
     use a different delimiter than `/'.  This is particularly useful
     if the REGEXP itself contains a lot of `/'s, since it avoids the
     tedious escaping of every `/'.  If REGEXP itself includes any
     delimiter characters, each must be escaped by a backslash (`\').

`/REGEXP/I'
`\%REGEXP%I'
     The `I' modifier to regular-expression matching is a GNU extension
     which causes the REGEXP to be matched in a case-insensitive manner.

   If no addresses are given, then all lines are matched; if one
address is given, then only lines matching that address are matched.

   An address range can be specified by specifying two addresses
separated by a comma (`,').  An address range matches lines starting
from where the first address matches, and continues until the second
address matches (inclusively).  If the second address is a REGEXP, then
checking for the ending match will start with the line _following_ the
line which matched the first address.  If the second address is a
NUMBER less than (or equal to) the line matching the first address,
then only the one line is matched.

   GNU `sed' also supports some special 2-address forms:
`0,ADDR2'
     Start out in "matched first address" state, until ADDR2 is found.
     This is similar to 1,ADDR2, except that if ADDR2 matches the very
     first line of input the 0,ADDR2 form will be at the end of its
     range, whereas the 1,ADDR2 form will still be at the beginning of
     its range.

`ADDR1,+N'
     Will match ADDR1 and the N lines following ADDR1.

`ADDR1,~N'
     Will match ADDR1 and the lines following ADDR1 until the next line
     whose input line number is a multiple of N.

   Appending the `!' character to the end of an address specification
will negate the sense of the match.  That is, if the `!' character
follows an address range, then only lines which do _not_ match the
address range will be selected.  This also works for singleton
addresses, and, perhaps perversely, for the null address.


File: sed.info,  Node: Regular Expressions,  Next: Data Spaces,  Prev: Addresses,  Up: sed Programs

Overview of regular expression syntax
=====================================

   [[I may add a brief overview of regular expressions at a later date;
for now see any of the various other documentations for regular
expressions, such as the `awk' info page.]]


File: sed.info,  Node: Data Spaces,  Next: Common Commands,  Prev: Regular Expressions,  Up: sed Programs

Where `sed' buffers data
========================

   `sed' maintains two data buffers: the active _pattern_ space, and
the auxiliary _hold_ space.  In "normal" operation, `sed' reads in one
line from the input stream and places it in the pattern space.  This
pattern space is where text manipulations occur.  The hold space is
initially empty, but there are commands for moving data between the
pattern and hold spaces.


File: sed.info,  Node: Common Commands,  Next: Other Commands,  Prev: Data Spaces,  Up: sed Programs

Often used commands
===================

   If you use `sed' at all, you will quite likely want to know these
commands.

`#'
     [No addresses allowed.]

     The `#' character begins a comment; the comment continues until
     the next newline.

     If you are concerned about portability, be aware that some
     implementations of `sed' (which are not POSIX.2 conformant) may
     only support a single one-line comment, and then only when the
     very first character of the script is a `#'.

     Warning: if the first two characters of the `sed' script are `#n',
     then the `-n' (no-autoprint) option is forced.  If you want to put
     a comment in the first line of your script and that comment begins
     with the letter `n' and you do not want this behavior, then be
     sure to either use a capital `N', or place at least one space
     before the `n'.

`s/REGEXP/REPLACEMENT/FLAGS'
     (The `/' characters may be uniformly replaced by any other single
     character within any given `s' command.)

     The `/' character (or whatever other character is used in its
     stead) can appear in the REGEXP or REPLACEMENT only if it is
     preceded by a `\' character.  Also newlines may appear in the
     REGEXP using the two character sequence `\n'.

     The `s' command attempts to match the pattern space against the
     supplied REGEXP.  If the match is successful, then that portion of
     the pattern space which was matched is replaced with REPLACEMENT.

     The REPLACEMENT can contain `\N' (N being a number from 1 to 9,
     inclusive) references, which refer to the portion of the match
     which is contained between the Nth `\(' and its matching `\)'.
     Also, the REPLACEMENT can contain unescaped `&' characters which
     will reference the whole matched portion of the pattern space.  To
     include a literal `\', `&', or newline in the final replacement,
     be sure to precede the desired `\', `&', or newline in the
     REPLACEMENT with a `\'.

     The `s' command can be followed with zero or more of the following
     FLAGS:

    `g'
          Apply the replacement to _all_ matches to the REGEXP, not
          just the first.

    `p'
          If the substitution was made, then print the new pattern
          space.

    `NUMBER'
          Only replace the NUMBERth match of the REGEXP.

    `w FILE-NAME'
          If the substitution was made, then write out the result to
          the named file.

    `I'
          (This is a GNU extension.)

          Match REGEXP in a case-insensitive manner.

     Note: the POSIX.2 standard does not specify what should happen
     when you mix the `g' and NUMBER modifiers, and currently there is
     no widely agreed upon meaning across `sed' implementations.  As of
     recent implementations of GNU `sed', the interaction is defined to
     be: ignore matches before the NUMBERth, and then match and replace
     all matches from the NUMBERth on.

`q'
     [At most one address allowed.]

     Exit `sed' without processing any more commands or input.  Note
     that the current pattern space is printed if auto-print is not
     disabled.

`d'
     Delete the pattern space; immediately start next cycle.

`p'
     Print out the pattern space (to the standard output).  This
     command is usually only used in conjunction with the `-n'
     command-line option.

     Note: some implementations of `sed', such as this one, will
     double-print lines when auto-print is not disabled and the `p'
     command is given.  Other implementations will only print the line
     once.  Both ways conform with the POSIX.2 standard, and so neither
     way can be considered to be in error.  Portable `sed' scripts
     should thus avoid relying on either behavior; either use the `-n'
     option and explicitly print what you want, or avoid use of the `p'
     command (and also the `p' flag to the `s' command).

`n'
     If auto-print is not disabled, print the pattern space, then,
     regardless, replace the pattern space with the next line of input.
     If there is no more input then `sed' exits without processing any
     more commands.

`{ COMMANDS }'
     A group of commands may be enclosed between `{' and `}' characters.
     This is particularly useful when you want a group of commands to
     be triggered by a single address (or address-range) match.


File: sed.info,  Node: Other Commands,  Next: Programming Commands,  Prev: Common Commands,  Up: sed Programs

Less frequently used commands
=============================

   Though perhaps less frequently used than those in the previous
section, some very small yet useful `sed' scripts can be built with
these commands.

`y/SOURCE-CHARS/DEST-CHARS/'
     (The `/' characters may be uniformly replaced by any other single
     character within any given `y' command.)

     Transliterate any characters in the pattern space which match any
     of the SOURCE-CHARS with the corresponding character in DEST-CHARS.

     Instances of the `/' (or whatever other character is used in its
     stead), `\', or newlines can appear in the SOURCE-CHARS or
     DEST-CHARS lists, provide that each instance is escaped by a `\'.
     The SOURCE-CHARS and DEST-CHARS lists _must_ contain the same
     number of characters (after de-escaping).

`a\'
`TEXT'
     [At most one address allowed.]

     Queue the lines of text which follow this command (each but the
     last ending with a `\', which will be removed from the output) to
     be output at the end of the current cycle, or when the next input
     line is read.

     GNU extension: if, between the `a' and the newline there is other
     than a whitespace-`\' sequence, then the text of this line,
     starting at the first non-whitespace character after the `a', is
     taken as the first line of the TEXT block.  (This enables a
     simplification in scripting a one-line add.)  This extension also
     works with the `i' and `c' commands.

`i\'
`TEXT'
     [At most one address allowed.]

     Immediately output the lines of text which follow this command
     (each but the last ending with a `\', which will be removed from
     the output).

`c\'
`TEXT'
     Delete the lines matching the address or address-range, and output
     the lines of text which follow this command (each but the last
     ending with a `\', which will be removed from the output) in place
     of the last line (or in place of each line, if no addresses were
     specified).  A new cycle is started after this command is done,
     since the pattern space will have been deleted.

`='
     [At most one address allowed.]

     Print out the current input line number (with a trailing newline).

`l'
     Print the pattern space in an unambiguous form: non-printable
     characters (and the `\' character) are printed in C-style escaped
     form; long lines are split, with a trailing `\' character to
     indicate the split; the end of each line is marked with a `$'.

`r FILENAME'
     [At most one address allowed.]

     Queue the contents of FILENAME to be read and inserted into the
     output stream at the end of the current cycle, or when the next
     input line is read.  Note that if FILENAME cannot be read, it is
     treated as if it were an empty file, without any error indication.

`w FILENAME'
     Write the pattern space to FILENAME.  The FILENAME will be created
     (or truncated) before the first input line is read; all `w'
     commands (including instances of `w' flag on successful `s'
     commands) which refer to the same FILENAME are output through the
     same `FILE' stream.

`D'
     Delete text in the pattern space up to the first newline.  If any
     text is left, restart cycle with the resultant pattern space
     (without reading a new line of input), otherwise start a normal
     new cycle.

`N'
     Add a newline to the pattern space, then append the next line of
     input to the pattern space.  If there is no more input then `sed'
     exits without processing any more commands.

`P'
     Print out the portion of the pattern space up to the first newline.

`h'
     Replace the contents of the hold space with the contents of the
     pattern space.

`H'
     Append a newline to the contents of the hold space, and then
     append the contents of the pattern space to that of the hold space.

`g'
     Replace the contents of the pattern space with the contents of the
     hold space.

`G'
     Append a newline to the contents of the pattern space, and then
     append the contents of the hold space to that of the pattern space.

`x'
     Exchange the contents of the hold and pattern spaces.


File: sed.info,  Node: Programming Commands,  Prev: Other Commands,  Up: sed Programs

Commands for die-hard `sed' programmers
=======================================

   In most cases, use of these commands indicates that you are probably
better off programming in something like `perl'.  But occasionally one
is committed to sticking with `sed', and these commands can enable one
to write quite convoluted scripts.

`: LABEL'
     [No addresses allowed.]

     Specify the location of LABEL for the `b' and `t' commands.  In
     all other respects, a no-op.

`b LABEL'
     Unconditionally branch to LABEL.  The LABEL may be omitted, in
     which case the next cycle is started.

`t LABEL'
     Branch to LABEL only if there has been a successful `s'ubstitution
     since the last input line was read or `t' branch was taken.  The
     LABEL may be omitted, in which case the next cycle is started.


File: sed.info,  Node: Examples,  Next: Limitations,  Prev: sed Programs,  Up: Top

Some sample scripts
*******************

   [[Not this release, sorry.  But check out the scripts in the
testsuite directory, and the amazing `dc.sed' script in the top-level
directory of this distribution.]]


File: sed.info,  Node: Limitations,  Next: Other Resources,  Prev: Examples,  Up: Top

About the (non-)limitations on line length
******************************************

   For those who want to write portable `sed' scripts, be aware that
some implementations have been known to limit line lengths (for the
pattern and hold spaces) to be no more than 4000 bytes.  The POSIX.2
standard specifies that conforming `sed' implementations shall support
at least 8192 byte line lengths.  GNU `sed' has no built-in limit on
line length; as long as `sed' can malloc() more (virtual) memory, it
will allow lines as long as you care to feed it (or construct within
it).


File: sed.info,  Node: Other Resources,  Next: Reporting Bugs,  Prev: Limitations,  Up: Top

Other resources for learning about `sed'
****************************************

   In addition to several books that have been written about `sed'
(either specifically or as chapters in books which discuss shell
programming), one can find out more about `sed' (including suggestions
of a few books) from the FAQ for the sed-users mailing list, available
from any of:
      `http://www.cornerstonemag.com/sed/sedfaq.html'
      `http://www.dbnet.ece.ntua.gr/~george/sed/sedfaq.html'
      `http://seders.icheme.org/tutorials/sedfaq.html'
      `http://www.ptug.org/sed/sedfaq.html'
   Also of interest is `http://seders.icheme.org/'.  This site includes
sed tutorials under its `http://seders.icheme.org/tutorials/' section,
in addition to other sed-related goodies.

   There is a "sed-users" mailing list maintained by Eric Pement.  To
subscribe, send e-mail to <Majordomo@jpusa.chi.il.us> with an arbitrary
`Subject:' line and the command `subscribe sed-users' in the body of
your email message.


File: sed.info,  Node: Reporting Bugs,  Next: Concept Index,  Prev: Other Resources,  Up: Top

Reporting bugs
**************

   Email bug reports to <bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org>.  Be sure to include
the word "sed" somewhere in the `Subject:' field.  Also, please include
the output of `sed --version' in the body of your report if at all
possible.


File: sed.info,  Node: Concept Index,  Next: Command and Option Index,  Prev: Reporting Bugs,  Up: Top

Concept Index
*************

   This is a general index of all issues discussed in this manual, with
the exception of the `sed' commands and command-line options.

* Menu:

* Adding a block of text after a line:   Other Commands.
* Additional reading about sed:          Other Resources.
* ADDR1,+N:                              Addresses.
* ADDR1,~N:                              Addresses.
* Address, as a regular expression:      Addresses.
* Address, last line:                    Addresses.
* Address, numeric:                      Addresses.
* Addresses, in sed scripts:             Addresses.
* Append hold space to pattern space:    Other Commands.
* Append next input line to pattern space: Other Commands.
* Append pattern space to hold space:    Other Commands.
* Backreferences, in regular expressions: Common Commands.
* Branch to a label, if s/// succeeded:  Programming Commands.
* Branch to a label, unconditionally:    Programming Commands.
* Buffer spaces, pattern and hold:       Data Spaces.
* Bugs, reporting:                       Reporting Bugs.
* Case-insensitive matching:             Common Commands.
* Caveat -- #n on first line:            Common Commands.
* Caveat -- p command and -n flag:       Common Commands.
* Command groups:                        Common Commands.
* Comments, in scripts:                  Common Commands.
* Conditional branch:                    Programming Commands.
* Copy hold space into pattern space:    Other Commands.
* Copy pattern space into hold space:    Other Commands.
* Delete first line from pattern space:  Other Commands.
* Deleting lines:                        Common Commands.
* Disabling autoprint, from command line: Invoking sed.
* Exchange hold space with pattern space: Other Commands.
* Excluding lines:                       Addresses.
* Files to be processed as input:        Invoking sed.
* Flow of control in scripts:            Programming Commands.
* Global substitution:                   Common Commands.
* GNU extensions, 0,ADDR2 addressing:    Addresses.
* GNU extensions, ADDR1,+N addressing:   Addresses.
* GNU extensions, ADDR1,~N addressing:   Addresses.
* GNU extensions, g and NUMBER modifier interaction in s command: Common Commands.
* GNU extensions, I modifier <1>:        Common Commands.
* GNU extensions, I modifier:            Addresses.
* GNU extensions, N~M addresses:         Addresses.
* GNU extensions, special two-address forms: Addresses.
* GNU extensions, unlimited line length: Limitations.
* Goto, in scripts:                      Programming Commands.
* Grouping commands:                     Common Commands.
* Hold space, appending from pattern space: Other Commands.
* Hold space, appending to pattern space: Other Commands.
* Hold space, copy into pattern space:   Other Commands.
* Hold space, copying pattern space into: Other Commands.
* Hold space, definition:                Data Spaces.
* Hold space, exchange with pattern space: Other Commands.
* Insert text from a file:               Other Commands.
* Inserting a block of text before a line: Other Commands.
* Labels, in scripts:                    Programming Commands.
* Last line, selecting:                  Addresses.
* Line length, setting:                  Invoking sed.
* Line number, print:                    Other Commands.
* Line selection:                        Addresses.
* Line, selecting by number:             Addresses.
* Line, selecting by regular expression match: Addresses.
* Line, selecting last:                  Addresses.
* List pattern space:                    Other Commands.
* Mixing g and NUMBER modifiers in the s command: Common Commands.
* Next input line, append to pattern space: Other Commands.
* Next input line, replace pattern space with: Common Commands.
* Parenthesized substrings:              Common Commands.
* Pattern space, definition:             Data Spaces.
* Portability, comments:                 Common Commands.
* Portability, line length limitations:  Limitations.
* Portability, p command and -n flag:    Common Commands.
* Print first line from pattern space:   Other Commands.
* Print line number:                     Other Commands.
* Print selected lines:                  Common Commands.
* Print unambiguous representation of pattern space: Other Commands.
* Printing text after substitution:      Common Commands.
* Quitting:                              Common Commands.
* Range of lines:                        Addresses.
* Range with start address of zero:      Addresses.
* Read next input line:                  Common Commands.
* Read text from a file:                 Other Commands.
* Replace hold space with copy of pattern space: Other Commands.
* Replace pattern space with copy of hold space: Other Commands.
* Replace specific input lines:          Other Commands.
* Replacing all text matching regexp in a line: Common Commands.
* Replacing only Nth match of regexp in a line: Common Commands.
* Replacing text matching regexp:        Common Commands.
* Replacing text matching regexp, options: Common Commands.
* Script structure:                      sed Programs.
* Script, from a file:                   Invoking sed.
* Script, from command line:             Invoking sed.
* sed program structure:                 sed Programs.
* Selected lines, replacing:             Other Commands.
* Selecting lines to process:            Addresses.
* Selecting non-matching lines:          Addresses.
* Several lines, selecting:              Addresses.
* Slash character, in regular expressions: Addresses.
* Spaces, pattern and hold:              Data Spaces.
* Special addressing forms:              Addresses.
* Standard input, processing as input:   Invoking sed.
* Stream editor:                         Introduction.
* Substitution of text:                  Common Commands.
* Substitution of text, options:         Common Commands.
* Text, appending:                       Other Commands.
* Text, insertion:                       Other Commands.
* Transliteration:                       Other Commands.
* Unbuffered I/O, choosing:              Invoking sed.
* Usage summary, printing:               Invoking sed.
* Version, printing:                     Invoking sed.
* Write result of a substitution to file: Common Commands.
* Write to a file:                       Other Commands.
* Zero, as range start address:          Addresses.


File: sed.info,  Node: Command and Option Index,  Prev: Concept Index,  Up: Top

Command and Option Index
************************

   This is an alphabetical list of all `sed' commands and command-line
options.

* Menu:

* # (comments):                          Common Commands.
* --expression:                          Invoking sed.
* --file:                                Invoking sed.
* --help:                                Invoking sed.
* --line-length:                         Invoking sed.
* --quiet:                               Invoking sed.
* --silent:                              Invoking sed.
* --unbuffered:                          Invoking sed.
* --version:                             Invoking sed.
* -e:                                    Invoking sed.
* -f:                                    Invoking sed.
* -h:                                    Invoking sed.
* -l:                                    Invoking sed.
* -n:                                    Invoking sed.
* -n, forcing from within a script:      Common Commands.
* -u:                                    Invoking sed.
* -V:                                    Invoking sed.
* : (label) command:                     Programming Commands.
* = (print line number) command:         Other Commands.
* a (append text lines) command:         Other Commands.
* b (branch) command:                    Programming Commands.
* c (change to text lines) command:      Other Commands.
* D (delete first line) command:         Other Commands.
* d (delete) command:                    Common Commands.
* G (appending Get) command:             Other Commands.
* g (get) command:                       Other Commands.
* H (append Hold) command:               Other Commands.
* h (hold) command:                      Other Commands.
* i (insert text lines) command:         Other Commands.
* l (list unambiguously) command:        Other Commands.
* N (append Next line) command:          Other Commands.
* n (next-line) command:                 Common Commands.
* P (print first line) command:          Other Commands.
* p (print) command:                     Common Commands.
* q (quit) command:                      Common Commands.
* r (read file) command:                 Other Commands.
* s (substitute) command:                Common Commands.
* s command, option flags:               Common Commands.
* t (conditional branch) command:        Programming Commands.
* w (write file) command:                Other Commands.
* x (eXchange) command:                  Other Commands.
* y (transliterate) command:             Other Commands.
* {} command grouping:                   Common Commands.



Tag Table:
Node: Top1024
Node: Introduction1755
Node: Invoking sed2309
Node: sed Programs4184
Node: Addresses5187
Node: Regular Expressions8467
Node: Data Spaces8828
Node: Common Commands9359
Node: Other Commands13841
Node: Programming Commands18143
Node: Examples19050
Node: Limitations19346
Node: Other Resources20012
Node: Reporting Bugs21109
Node: Concept Index21456
Node: Command and Option Index27955

End Tag Table
